STONER, EDMUND C. - STONERS RULE - ANTICIPATING PAULI'S EXCLUSION PRINCIPLE.

The Distribution of Electrons among Atomic Levels.

London, Taylor & Francis, 1924. Full buckram. Spine with gilt lettering. Stamps on titlepage. Bookmark of "Pomona College Library" on inside frontcover. In: "The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science", Vol. XLVIII, Sixth Series. VIII,1144 pp., textillustr. and 27 plates. (Entire volume offered). Stoner's paper: pp. 719-736.

First apperance of Stoner's importent paper in which he formulated "Stoner's Rule", a paper which inspired Pauli to his Exclusion principle in 1925.
"The publication of his paper (the paper offered) brought Stoner rapid recognition. His theory, however, was subsequently overshadowed by the exclusion principle of Wolfgang Pauli, who, exploiting Stoner’s insight and applying it to individual electrons, transformed it into a general and powerful analytic tool." (DSB).

"In 1924 (in the paper offered) Stoner had proposed the following rule: "The number of electrons in each completed shall is equal to double the sum of the inner quantum numbers".... Stoner's rule says: a shell corresponds to a fixed n and the number of electrons in that shell, if completetely filled. equals twice N.... Why twice ?... Here Pauli takes over."(Pais "Inward Bound", p. 273.).

"Soon after Bohr developed his initial configuration, Arnold Sommerfeld in Munich realized the need to characterize the stationary states of the electron in the hydrogen atom by means of a second quantum number-the socalled angular-momentum quantum number. Bohr immediately applied this discovery to many-electron atoms and in 1922 produced a set of more detailed electronic configurations. In turn, Sommerfeld went on to discover the third, or inner, quantum number, thus enabling the British physicist Edmund Stoner to come up with an even more refined set of electronic configurations in 1924..... Stoner assumed that three quantum numbers could be specified in many electron atoms. In any case, Stoner’s scheme solved certain problems present in Bohr’s configurations. For example, Bohr had assigned phosphorus the configuration 2,4,4,4,1, but this failed to explain the fact that phosphorus shows valencies of three and five. Stoner’s configuration for phosphorus was 2,2,2,4,2,2,1, which easily explains the valencies, since it becomes plausible that either the two or the three outermost subshells of electrons form bonds." (Eric R. Scerri. "The Periodic Table and the Electron").

Order-nr.: 47277