FARADAY, MICHAEL.- CHEMICAL AFFINITY IS ELECTRICITY - SELF-INDUCTION DISCOVERED AND INVESTIGATED.

Achte Reihe von Experimental-Untersuchungen über Elektricität. § 14. ueber die Elektricität der voltaschen Säule, ihre Abkunft, Menge, Stärke und ihre allgemeinen Kennzeichnen. (+) Neunte Reihe von Experimental-Untersuchungen über Elektricität. § 15. Ueber den Vertheilungseinsluss eines elektrischen Stroms auf sich selbst und den elektrisceher Ströme überhaupt.

Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1834. 8vo. Contemp. hcalf. Spine gilt and with gilt lettering. Spine slightly rubbed. In: "Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg.von Poggendorff", Bd. 35. X,630,(8) pp. a. 5 folded lithographed plates. (Entire volume offered). Faraday's papers: pp. 1-45 a. 222-226, 1 plate (8. Reihe) - pp. 413-444 (9. Reihe). Stamp to verso of titlepage and verso of plates. Clean and fine, printed on good paper.

First appearance in German - prepared by Faraday himself for publication in Annalen - of two groundbreakings papers in chemistry and physiscs.

In the FIRST PAPER (8. Reihe) Faraday brings forth the idea "that the atoms of matter are in some way endowed or associated with electrical powers, to which they owe their most striking qualities, and amongst them their mutual chemical affinity." He showed how natural it is to suppose that the electricity which passes through the electrolyte is exact equivaklent of that which is possessed by the atoms separated at the electrode: which implies that there is A CERTAIN ABSOLUTE QUANTITY OF THE ELECTRIC POWER ASSOCIATED WITH EACH ATOM OF MATTER.- Faraday further verifies, that the electricity of the violtaic pile is proportionate in its intensity to the intensity of the affinities concerned in its production. - Dealing with the the decompositions in electrolysis, he shows that THE FORCES TERMED CHEMICAL AFFINITY AND ELECTRICITY ARE THE SAME.

In the SECOND PAPER (9. Reihe), Faraday (independent of Henry's discovery of the same phenomena in 1832) discovers SELF-INDUCTION or the "extra current" and points out the importent influence it must have in the construction of electro-magnetic machines (electro-motors).

"Faraday showed that the powerful momentary current, which was observed when the circuit was interrupted, was really an induced current governed by the same laws as all other induced currents, but with this peculiarity, that the induced and inducing current now flowed in the same circuit. In fact, the current in its steady state establishes in the surrounding region a magnetic field, whose lines of force are linked with the circuit; and teh removal of these lines of forcewhen the circuit is broken originates an induced current, which reatly reinforces the primary current just before its final extinction."(Whittaker in "A History of the Aether and Electricity")

"In the series of experiments which are detailed in this paper, the author inquires into the causes of some remarkable phenomena relating to the action of an electrical current upon itself, under certain circumstances, wherby its intensity is highly exalted, and occasionally increased to ten, twenty, or even fifty times that which it originally possessed."(Abstract).

Order-nr.: 48203