CAILLETET, M.L. - THE PROCESS OF LIQUEFACTION OF OXYGEN AND OTHER GASES INVENTED.

Recherches sur la Liquèfaction des Gaz.

(Paris, G. Masson, 1878). No wrappers. In: "Annales de Chimie et de Physique", 5e Series - Tome 15, Cahier Septembre 1878. Pp. 5-144. (Entire issue offered). Cailletet's paper: pp. 132-144, textillustrations of apparatus used.

First appearance of a milestonepaper in chemistry in which Cailletet describes his invention of the liquedifaction-process of oxygen and 5 other gases - and a classic in Low-Temperature Chemistry.

"Cailletet is most famous for his investigations on the compression and liquefaction of gases. At the time there were still six gases that were considered permanen: oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, nitrogen dioxyde, acrbon monooxide, and acetylene. Liquefaction had not been achieved despite the use of what were considered ernomous pressures. At the end of 1877 and the beginning of 1878 Callitet liquefied all these gases shortly before Raoul Pictet, who employed a completely different procedure. Cailletet had, following Andrews, recognized the importence of the critical temperature, above which liquefaction of a gas does not take place. In order to produce the necessary ccoling, he had recourse to expansion, sometimes employing several expansions in a staged process. It was in this manner that he succeeded in liquefying oxygen by beginning with liquid ethylene and passing through the stage of liquid methane."(DSB III, pp. 11-12).

Parkinson "Breakthroughs" 1877 C.

Order-nr.: 44230