GRAHAM, THOMAS. - FOUNDATION OF COLLOID CHEMISTRY.

The Bakerian Lecture. On the Diffusion of Liquids. Received November 16, - Read December 29, 1849. (+) Supplementary Observations on the Diffusion of Liquids. Received May 2, - Read June 20, 1850. (+) Additional Observations on the Diffusion of Liquids (Third Memoir). Received March 27, - Read May 22, 1851.

(London, Richard Taylor, 1850 a.1851). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from "Philosophical Transactions" 1850 and 1851. Pp. 1-45, pp. 805-836 and pp. 483-494. Clean and fine.

First appearance of this pioneer work in which Graham introduces the terminology and fundamental concepts of colloid chemistry.

"Although some isolated investigations on colloids had been carried out before Graham, his publications in this field laid the foundations of colloid chemistry. In "On the Diffusion of Liquids," Graham applied to liquids the exact method of inquiry he had applied to gases twenty years before, and he succeeded in placing the subject of liquid diffusion on about the same footing as that to which he had raised the subject of gaseous diffusion prior to the discovery of his numerical law. He showed that the rate of diffusion was approximately proportional to the concentration of the original solution, increased with rise in temperature, and was almost constant for groups of chemically similar salts at equal absolute (not molecular) concentrations and different with different groups. He believed that liquid diffusion was similar to gaseous diffusion and vaporization with dilute solutions, but with concentrated solutions he noted a departure from the ideal relationship, similar to that in gases approaching liquefaction under pressure."(DSB).

Order-nr.: 46363